a site devoted to heraldry (the study of coats of arms) in all forms and in all places THIS HERALDRY & COAT OF ARMS WEB RINGsite is owned by "Francois Velde"Want to join the Heraldry & Coat of Arms W
The rec.heraldry newsgroup has adopted (by simple vote) the following arms: Azure an escutcheon argent within an orle of bezants. There is a Roll of Arms of rec.heraldry readers. François Velde Last m
Heraldry Bibliography There are several resources: Other Resources: Bookstores How does one find books on heraldry? There are many bookstores on the Internet: you don't need me to find them. François
A complete listing of all pages on this site, which will allow you to search or browse through all 250+ pages on this site. Return to Heraldica Main Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modifi
The three main sources of emblems are thus the individual's own distinctive marks, used in battle for recognition, the family's emblems, probably in use for some time, and the fief's rallying banner,
Heraldry Topics Bibliography: references on heraldry Illustrated Glossary Atlas word to picture icture to word English | Français | Deutsch | Español | Italiano | Nederlands National Heraldry (By C
Colors are called Tinctures in heraldry (émaux, or enamels, in French). Textbooks never fail to spell out the "Tincture Rule", namely that metal should not be placed on metal, nor color on color. The
This discussion relies on Pastoureau's Traité d'Héraldique. There has long been some uncertainty about the status of the tincture purpure in heraldry, for its place is not as firm as that of the other
The Argentaye tract (ca. 1410), the Liber Armorum of Bernard du Rosier (ca. 1440), the Blason des Couleurs of the herald Sicile (ca. 1440-50) and many subsequent treatises state the rule, always citin
Ermine (French: hermine, German: Hermelin, Dutch: Hermelijn) Ermine is the fur of an animal also called ermine (Mustela erminea), of the weasel family, commonly found in Northern Eurasia. The coloring
Gules means red in heraldry. In any event, a word derived from furs would not be surprising in heraldry, since vair, ermine and sable are also names of furs. The author was identified only by her name
The Color Vert Vert is green in heraldry. The Anglo-Norman name is straightforward, since "vert" means green in French (from the Latin viridis). How this term came to designate green in heraldry is un
Miscellaneous Charges Here are gathered discussions of miscellaneous charges (usually of the more obscure kind). Abatements Birds Bray or Hempbrake Budget Clarion (or Rest, Clarichord...) Last modifie
The Klee-Stengeln which appear on each of the wings of the eagles displayed of Prussia, Brandenburg,, etc., in the form of a golden trefoil with a long curved stalk reaching to the breast, appear to b
The triskele, sometimes written triskelion, called triquêtre in French, is an interesting symbol. The symbol also appears in the arms of the Isle of Man, with this difference that, while both symbols
From: andersa@Riga.DoCS.UU.SE(Anders Andersson) I wasn't aware it had been used in heraldry to any greater extent, though I'm not surprised. This blazon in interesting because it uses the term swastik
In general, there is no specific meaning associated with charges. Examples of canting arms (in German, Krabbe=crab, Krebs=crawfish; in Italian, gambero=crawfish): Nicolas de Cusa (1401-64, from Trier
I hope that this page is in violation of Public Law 104-104, especially title V section 507, otherwise known as the Communications Decency Act of 1996. struck down by the US Supreme Court on June 26,
The effect of section 507 of Public Law 104-104, which was signed into law on February 8, 1996, but is under a restraining order issued by a Federal Judge in Philadelphia, is to amend the United State
The seals of the emperors Henry I (d. 1024) and Conrad II (d. 1039) afford early illustrations of the custom (see Glafey, specimen decadem sigillorum, Leipzig 1749; Roemer-Büchner, Die Siegel der deut
From: aa565@Freenet.carleton.ca(Lorne Gray) One charge that fascinates (and disturbes) me is (are ?) animal heads that have Fleur de Lys coming out of their mouths, etc. Here's the OED on the word Jes
Bees appear as a canting device for a number of families: the English families Bye, Bee, Beebee, Beeston; the French families Abeille, Melet de Saint-Martin, Mellier, Mieulet (honey=miel in French); G
The question of the right to bear arms (who has the right to bear which arms) is a controversial one. This page shows that the right to bear coats of arms was unrestricted in the Middle Ages. Return t
Autres armes sont propres a celz qui les portent par roison de leur office, et durant qu'ils exercent icelles offices et non autrement, comme les eleuz et gouverneurs d'une bonne ville durant leur off
The limits of the available documentation have prevented me from looking elsewhere than in London, but Thrupp makes clear in the above passage that armorial bearings were not used only by London merch
Heraldry in France has been associated, and confused, with nobility. As far as municipal heraldry is concerned, cities and towns are free to choose their arms as they please. Sources: Return to French
In modern (i.e. post-Renaissance) heraldry, it is common that women's arms are required to be placed in lozenge-shaped shields. He also notes two octogonal shields (Jeanne de Ponthieu in 1345 and Mari
by James Dempster (See also Heraldry in Scotland, a fuller article, by the same author.) To establish a right to a Scots coat of arms you must prove that you are the heir to it. Last modified: Feb 22,
The text is taken from Osvaldo Cavallar, Susanne Dgenring and Julius Kirshner, A Grammar of Signs: Bartolo da Sassoferrato's Tract on Insignia and Coats of Arms, Berkeley CA 1994, Robbins Collection P
See also an extraordinary collection of papal arms by Roberto Piperno, taken from various monuments in Rome (note: this link is frequently down). Arnaud Bunel has produced a complete illustrated armor
The terms are often confused, and often needlessly distinguished. See also my page on women knights. Last modified: Sep 25, 1996 Return to Knighthood Main Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last
There is a good deal of confusion among the general public about the status of heraldry in the United States, due to the perceived link between heraldry and nobility on the one hand, to the prohibitio
Honoré de Bonet (ca. 1340-ca. 1410) was a Frenchman from Provence, a cleric who was prior of Salon near Embrun. Chapter 129 is devoted to the tinctures and their significance. Bonet was very influenti
It is fruitless to try to determine "the meaning" of a specific coat of arms. Here are some charges which are characteristic (taken from Piero Marchi: I Blasoni delle Famiglie Toscane; Roma, 1992). So
Heraldry and Literature Ferdinand de Gramont (1815-1897), a friend of Balzac, helped him invent coats of arms for the various families of the writer's novels. Return to the Main Heraldry Page. Last mo
British Heraldry Contents Main Documents: Regulation of Heraldry in England The Royal Arms of Great Britain Marks of Cadency in the Royal Family Royal Styles in Great Britain A Note on Scots Heraldr
The following armory is compiled from two sources. A few of the coats have apparently survived to the 19th c., and they are mentioned in Burke's Landed Gentry (Poultney and Weld). (ald.=alderman of th
The only evidence of any restrictions on the right to bear arms prior to the 16th c. in England comes from writs sent by Henry V to the sheriffs of (Southamptonshire, Sussex, Dorsetshire and Wiltshire
The present Lyon, second son of Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, had a rapid career in Scots heraldry under the tutelage of his father: Falkland Pursuivant Extraordinary in 1957 (at the extraordinary age
This is a summary of D. There are 171 cases listed. The cases fall into two periods: 1623-40 (64 cases) and 1687-1707 (66 cases) with 1 case in 1732. Return to British Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossar
Most of the information here is from Thomas Woodcock and John Martin Robinson: The Oxford Guide to Heraldry, Oxford University Press, 1990. Return to British Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François
What follows is an article posted to rec.heraldry on 15 Jun 1995 by Patrick Cracroft-Brennan on the Earl Marshal. In all our discussions very little attention has been given to the actual nature of th
Diocese of Blackburn Cathedral of Carlisle Cathedral of Durham The arms of the diocese of Ely, England, courtesy of Simon Kershaw. Cathedral of Ely Cathedral of Gloucester Cathedral of Guildford C
An article by W Elmhurst in the Coat of Arms, 1957 used the catalogues of grants of arms printed by Joseph Forster in the 1840s to provide a rough count of the grants of arms made by thr English heral
See also the Titles FAQ and the ATR mini-FAQ on styles. The Oxford English Dictionary defines style as: Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Aug 31,
American Heraldry Articles on Heraldry Legal Status of Heraldry Heraldry of Government Bodies The American Flag Heraldic Institutions in America Heraldry of the States Heraldry of the Episcopal Church
This article is by Thomas Rightmyer. The national Episcopal Church has a shield and flag: Argent, a cross gules, on a canton azure nine cross-crosslets argent in saltire. François Velde Last modified:
Academic Heraldry in the United States Also of interest may be a page full of links to www servers at zillions of universities world-wide.... Here are a few examples of heraldry as used by fraterniti
In any case, there were eight Lords Proprietors, the eldest of whom was the "palatine" and head of the province...there's a clear interpretive problem in the case of the first article: The eldest of t
Heraldry is unregulated, and, aside from the Seal of the United States, unprotected in any way. There are other organizations, one of which is the American College of Heraldry: this is a non-official,
Bibliography of US Heraldry Contains entries for 1,600 families of British origin. Crozier, William A. Reference: Return to American Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Sep
It did not meet with a favorable reception. "A shield argent paly of six gules, a chief azure charged with a fouled anchor or; shield and anchor outlined of the third; on a wreath argent and gules, an
From: tipcat@wam.umd.edu (Frank Young) The red, white and blue of the American flag derive their origins fundamentally from the Union Jack amd the ensigns of the squadrons of the Navy. Last modified:
Member of the Internet Genealogical Directory Information on French genealogy (in French) A collection of medieval illuminations devoted to French historical figures, from the National Library of Fr
Céans, les plaideurs, c'est-à-dire a et b ci-dessus, veulent faire reconnaîÎtre en justice qu'ils ont le droit de porter « d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or posées 2 et 1 ».On croirait qu'ils se tromp
The Royal Lineage The Bourbons Titles Apanages Family Names and Titles of Younger Sons Forms of Address Marks of Difference on Royal Arms Given Names The royal lineage of France was descended from Hug
The heraldry of each country has certain peculiar rules and customs, as well as a certain flavor. France is one of the places where heraldry began, and the language of heraldry can be said to be Frenc
The arms of France, since the late 12th century, have been Azure, a semis of fleurs-de-lis or, changed in 1376 to Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or. In February 1790 the title of Louis XVI was changed fro
Under construction See also the nicely illustrated Armorial des Anciennes Provinces de France by Jean-Marc Frénéa. Historically, modern France was created by progressive enlargement. François Velde La
See also the page on the French Flag on the Web site of the President of the French Republic. A table of all regimental flags in the French Army, 1771 from the Archives Départementales des Yvelines,
Louis-Philippe après l’entrevue, publiées dans: Ferdinand-Philippe d’Orléans, Souvenirs (annexe, p. 410), préparé par Hervé Robert. This conversation took place soon after the death of Louis XVIII (16
The Bonaparte or Buonaparte family originally comes from Florence. Another piece of the Bonaparte family came to the US: the two sons of Caroline, sister of the Emperor, and Joachim Murat, king of Nap
See also several articles on this topic on Caltrap's Corner. This section discusses mainly the French nobility as it existed until 1789. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Vel
First published June 12, 1998 on alt.talk.royalty After the accession of Louis XIV's grandson as king of Spain in 1700, and the confirmation of that accession by the treaty of Utrecht in 1713, the tra
Charles VII, by Jean Fouquet. François Ier, by Jean Clouet. Henri II (anon.). Charles IX, by François Clouet. Henri III, by François Quesnel (attr.). Henri IV, by Frans Pourbus. Marie-Thérèse d'Autric
first published: Sept. 3, 1998 Some legitimists have argued that the house of Orléans could not support the validity of the Utrecht renunciations without being in contradiction with itself, since, it
This exchange of views on Orleanism versus Legitimism took place on the alt.talk.royalty newsgroup in September 1996. Guy Sainty has also published his statement of the Legitimist view (substantially
In the course of our discussion of legitimism and Orleanism, Guy referred to an episode in history, which showed what were Felipe V's feelings with respect to the Utrecht renunciations he had made. La
Courtesy titles were provided for in law: the eldest son of a duc-pair had the title of marquis and his other sons that of comte, the eldest son of a marquis-pair had the title of comte and his other
Carlos de Borbon, duque de Madrid (1848-1909) was the leader of the Carlist party from 1868, and head of the house of Bourbon (senior representative of the line of Louis XIV) from 1887, the death of h
See also general information on Old Regime peerages. This page contains a list of all French peerages created until 1789, with the coats of arms of the holders (some arms are still missing: for prince
first published: July 22, 1999 One of the points of contention in the debate between Orleanism and Legitimism is the question of nationality. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary Françoi
The king of France was always "king of France" period, and usually avoided the German styles with their long enumerations of territories. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Ve
Introduction Renunciations in private law Renunciations in public law One of the arguments used by some Legitimists against the validity of the renunciations made as part of the Treaty of Utrecht to e
The name of Bourbon comes from a town in France (called Bourbon-L'Archambault from the name of an early lord) and the region around it, the Bourbonnais. Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldi
A city in the Netherlands. There are two treaties of Utrecht, relevant to this discussion: France-UK on April 12, 1713 and Spain-UK on July 13, 1713. "I, Don Philip, by the Grace of God King of Castil
See also: The Fondation Napoléon See the discussion of Napoleonic Titles first. Napoleon did not regulate heraldry or restrict free assumption beyond his titled nobility. Arnaud Bunel has depicted mo
Discussions of specific individuals and their armorial bearings. Bourbons Thatcher (Baroness) Women Knights in the Middle Ages Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc) Armory of various famous people list of Briti
The Armory Musicians Writers Painters, Sculptors, Architects Scientists Famous Americans Miscellaneous References Klaus Kristiansen's source is the Alverdens Heraldik i Farver. Return to the Main Hera
Were there women knights in the Middle Ages? Several established military orders had women who were associated with them, beyond the simple provision of aid. Return to Knighthood Main Page | Heraldic
Armorial Bearings on the Web A heraldry enters the Age of Technology, various people have placed their armorial bearings on their home-pages. Here are a few examples where some care has gone into the
The Arc family seemed to have arms prior to these events, namely: Azure a bow or in fess, thereon three arrows crossed ..., on a chief argent a lion passant gules [note: I am told that the Darc family
Under construction. The following pages deal with knights and knighthood, as well as the related concept of order of knighthood, both in its original form as a medieval institution, and its modern for
See also Guy Sainty's Chivalric Orders; this page benefited from his comments, although I remain responsible for the opinions expressed here. Return to Knighthood Main Page | Heraldic Glossary Françoi
See a much more ddetailed account on the Chivalric Orders web site. The Teutonic Order was founded in 1190 during the siege of Acre, when a hospital brotherhood was established to care for the many si
Academic Heraldry in New Zealand Thanks to Stuart Yeates for the URLs. University of Otago University of Auckland University of Waikato Victoria University of Wellington University of Cant
Academic Heraldry in the United Kingdom Roger Forder writes: It is slightly unfortunate, therefore, that, in this Web version, the lion rampant of Scotland within the Royal Arms is bright blue rather
Academic Heraldry in Canada University of British Columbia. The blazon is something along the lines of: Argent, three bars wavy azure, issuant from the base a demi-sun in splendour proper; on a chief
Academic Heraldry in Continental Europe Spain Universidad de Navarra shows the arms of the kingdom of Navarra held by an angel. Granada University features the arms of Carlos I, Emperor and king of Sp
This topic groups discussions of heraldry by country. For Europe, you can also use a clickable map. The @ sign indicates that more articles will be found by following that link. See also Arnaud Bunel'
See also: Heraldry Society of Canada which also has a number of links. Recently, a scroll was added with the motto "They desire a better country". The Armorial Heritage Foundation. Return to National
More ample information about the history of the former Yugoslavia can be found in the Yugoslavia Army Area Handbook. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified:
The Kingdom of Jerusalem was created in 1098, when the members of the First Crusade captured Jerusalem and elected Godfrey of Boulogne, or Godefroi de Bouillon, duke of Lower-Lorraine, as king of Jeru
A Polish-Lithuanian Bibliography by David Zincavage. The Polish Page on Vicnet (Australia) has several articles on Polish heraldry: Lublin Welcome to Lublin Nowy Targ François Velde Last modified: Aug
The current design of the Australian Coat of Arms was granted by Royal Warrant by King George V n 19 September 1912, to be borne and used 'upon Seals, Shields, Banners, or otherwise according to the L
See also the arms of the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy. The present arms are set out in the Austrian Constitution ( Section 1, article 8a (2)), which states:
The Arms of the Republic of Austria (Feder
Adapted from comments by: Alex Allister Shvartsman The Ruthenian Palatinate of Poland included the Galician land from roughly 1400(??) to the second partition of Poland in 1793 when the area was annex
Arms: Azure a cross argent. The flag above was adopted in 1822. Abolished by the Colonels (who took power in a coup in 1967), it was adopted as sole flag of Greece in 1975, and replaced by the above i
See also: Oliver Steudler's page on Heraldry in South Africa. South Africa has a long established heraldic tradition, and is one of only a few countries were heraldry enjoys de jure protection. Cont
The historic arms of Bohemia appear in the late 12th c. The base of the cross first was three arches of a gothic trefoil (13th c.). Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde
From c34657b@saha.hut.fi (Tuomas Viljanen) and tsahib@vipunen.hut.fi (Tero Juhani Heikkinen): Estonia: Or, three lions passant guardant in pale azure. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Gloss
The use of heraldic insignia as a symbolic representation of families did not develop in Byzantium. These arms all come from Rietstap. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Vel
Geviert mit Herzschild (Hauswappen von Sachsen): 1) in Silber eine fünfblätterige rote Rose mit goldenem Samen und grünen Barte (Altenburg), 2) in Silber drei blaue Querbalken (Eisenberg), 3) in mit r
Heraldry in Russia Heraldry Page by Ilya Morozov Maksim Razumkin's Home Page. Oxana Smirnova's Home Page. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Apr 27, 19
Small Imperial Arms: [Or,] a double-headed eagle sable, armed and crowned or, holding a scepter and sword in dexter claw and an orb in sinister claw, all of the second, beneath the Austrian imperial
March 19, 1812 (rescinded 1814, reinstated 1820, rescinded 1823, reinstated 1836, abolished 1837) succession is by normal order of primogeniture and representation among the legitimate male and female
Coat of arms of the Republic of Hungary, since 1990 Coat of arms of the kingdom of Hungary, prior to 1918 (click here for another depiction, from the castle in Buda, 1880)) Other GIF images of maps an
The Constitution of 1994 provides ( article 193): "The Belgian Nation adopts red, yellow, and black colors, while the
Coat of Arms* depicts the Lion of Belgium with the Motto: Union Makes Strength."
San Marino Heraldry The Arms of San Marino (with permission from Gian Maria Di Flumeri). Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Oct 15, 1997
The arms of the kingdom of Rumania, from 1872 to 1921, were: Azure, an eagle displayed crowned or, armed gules, holding in its right claw a sword argent armed or, in the left claw a scepter or, in the
Gules, a double-headed eagle sable. The violation of the usual tincture rule may not necessarily be due to the fact that it is a flag rather than "real" arms: see the Subic arms of Bosnia, which were
Heraldry in Portugal Arms of the kingdom of Portugal (ca. 1760). References (Provided by D. Lisboa, Revista "Ocidente" [1945]. Other Resources Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary Fran
Links to Miscellaneous Countries Arms of the Republic of Chile Arms of the Kingdom of Hawai'i Suriname Information on the Flag and Coat of Arms of Zambia and a picture Return to National Heraldry Pag
This catch-all title is meant to cover various questions of rank, precedence, style, which arise on rec.heraldry at times. Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last
For ecclesiastics, the style of révérendissime or Illustrissime et révérendissime (most-illustrious and most-reverend) was used for bishops, archbishops, generals of orders. François Velde Last modifi
See the Titles FAQ written for the newsgroup alt.talk.royalty by Mark Odegard: it covers most questions related to titles of nobility and their hierarchies in Europe. See the Almanach de la Cour for a
This page contains a listing of all the pages on this site. Heraldy in Various Countries Notes on heraldic practices, arms of countries or royal families, etc Return to Heraldica Main Page | Heraldic
The Founders of the Most Noble Order of the Garter in 1348 were as follows: Edward, Prince of Wales Henry "of Lancaster," Earl of Derby, aft. Return to Knighthood Main Page | Heraldic Glossary Fran
Another sign of this disregard is evident in the fall-off in the number of grants made by the Heralds. The 18th and 19th centuries witnessed quite a bit of heraldic freedom. François Velde Last modifi
In the course of our discussion of legitimism and Orleanism, Guy referred to the circumstances surrounding the renunciations made by Felipe V to the throne of France, and by the dukes of Orléans and B
One peculiar aspect of the "auld alliance" between France and Scotland (founded on the common enmity with England) was the existence of French titles held by Scots nobles. François Velde Last modified
Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825):
Arms: Or a painter's palette sable, thereon two arms proper, one issuant
at sinister from a mantle gules, the hand dexter appaume, the other holding
three sabres of p
Serbian Heraldry The following pictures and descriptions are provided by Aleksandar Stojsic. The coat of arms of the Serbian Orthodox Church Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary Franço
Translation by Mark Anthony Rodriguez (). Real Decreto 1368/1987, de 6 de noviembre, sobre regimen de
titulos, tratamientos y honores de la Famila Real y de los
Regentes. Last modified: 15 Aug 1996 Fr
Heraldry of Malta See a note on the Flag and on the Coat of Arms of Malta. See also my page on the Order of Malta. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified:
Most GRACIOUS SOVEREIGN, WHEREAS your Majesty, from your paternal affection to your own family, and from your royal concern for the future welfare of your people, and the honour and dignity of your cr
The arms of the Order are argent a cross gules or argent a cross patty couped gules. See the illustrated armory by Arnaud Bunel. The following armory is based on an article in the Annuaire de la Nobl
Bodrum is the modern name of the ancient Halicarnassos. View of Bodrum (45K): taken from the ruins of the Hellenistic amphitheater. Return to Knighthood Main Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde La
The arms of Florence were Argent a fleur-de-lys flory gules (first mentioned in 1251, with reversed tinctures). Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Aug 0
Portrait of Alessandro Scarlatti. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750): some flowers. Antonio Stradivari (1644-1737): famous violin-maker. See also a list of British knighthoods earned by musicians and c
The arms of France, since the late 12th century, have been Azure, a semis of fleurs-de-lis or, changed in 1376 to Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or. These arms appear elsewhere in Europe, either as the ar
Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland Heraldry is known to have existed in Ireland by the 13th century, imported by the English conquerors. See Terence MacCarthy's book on the office of Ulster Herald
Under construction. The sovereignty of the order of Malta is a controversial topic in international law. I intend to visit this issue, as a side note to the question of legitimacy of orders. In the me
Les domaines qui appartiendront au duc actuellement régnant dans toute l'étendue du duché de Bouillon, seront, à son invitation expresse, et conformément à la teneur de sa déclaration du 25 juin derni
Under construction. The following pages deal with knights and knighthood, as well as the related concept of order of knighthood, both in its original form as a medieval institution, and its modern for
Please see the introduction first. DT>Toulouse (Haute-Garonne): Gules a paschal lamb holding a staff with the cross of Toulouse, between a castle and a church argent masoned sable, on a chief France a
The only exception to the freedom of assuming arms in France occurred from 1696 to 1709. This grant of arms was made on August 8, 1698 to Nicolas Scourions, esquire, lord of Begaudelle. A translation
Order of Saint Ignatius founded in 1976 by the metropolitan of the Antiochian Orthodox archdiocese of North America, with the blessing of the Antioch patriarch Elias IV. Order of Saint Andrew the Apos
The arms of Luxembourg date to the 13th century. See a mor edetailed and informative page on Ralf Hartemink's International Civic Arms site. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary Fran
Subject: The Orleanist Case From: (Francois R. Messieurs les Anglais, tirez les premiers. I have made clear my point: the legitimist algorithm is based on a fiction: a set of rule
The Holy Roman Empire (Heiliges ömisches Reich der Deutschen Nation) was composed at the end of the 18th century of around 360 distinct entities. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary F
Subject: Re: Reply to Francois Velde - legitimism v. orleanism From: (Francois R. As I've said elsewhere, I'm rather new at this, and Guy is an old hand, so I made mistakes in my f
knighthood"> Bibliography on French Legitimism and Royal Succession This bibliography is under construction. Champion, 1914. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modi
Subject: Re: Legitimist v. GuySainty@msn.com (Guy Stair Sainty) wrote:
>My preference for establishing and identifying the laws by which a sovereign
>succeeds and then determining the claimant is p
An Armory of Famous Writers Johann-Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832; Saxony, ennobled by the Emperor 1782):
Arms: azure, a star and a border or. Charles-Augustin de Sainte-Beuve (1804-69): Azure three r
Please see the introduction first. Saint-Sever (Landes): per pale dimidiated azure three fleur-de-lys or and gules nine ermine spots in three rows of three argent. Return to French Heraldry Page | Her
Eugène de Beauharnais was born on Sep. 3, 1781 in Paris, of vicomte Alexandre de Beauharnais (1760-94) and Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie (1763-1814). Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossa
See also Arnaud Bunel's illustrated armory of Italian territories. When Italy was formed in 1859-60, a number of independent states disappeared in the process. The following table gives a sense of the
French Law has been dealing with unofficial orders and decorations since the early 19th century. References: Arnaud Chaffanjon and Bertrand Galimard Flavigny: Ordres et contre-ordres de chevalerie. Re
An Armory of Famous People: Miscellaneous Marco Polo (1254-1324):
Arms: Or a bend azure between four cocks sable
armed, beaked, combed and wattled gules. Canting arms. Christopher Columbus
* Charles
Other heralds cited without names: Jean le Forestier, herald in 1534; Etienne Vallet, king of arms in 1530, Edmond du Boullay, herald, ennobled 1545; Robert Marie, herald of CHarles VIII. The order of
Chicago Tribune | Leisure - Good Eating Chicago Dining on Metromix Illegally Parked Vehicles Where's My Car !!! Newscast Today - Front Page The New York Times on the Web Financial Times: Top Stories E
The Law of March 3, 1951 created the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. Art. 7– I cittadini italiani non possono usare nel territorio della Repubblica onorificenze o distinzioni cavalleresche lor
One of the nice things about economics is that I am able to explore my interests in, say, music, or numismatics, or Latin, under the guise of economic research: why not study the economic history of B
Adrien-Marie Legendre (1752-1833), mathematician: Per pale: 1, azure on a rock issuant
from a sea a tower embattled of five pieces, all argent; thereon a "fanal" argent allume
gueules; 2, sable a te
A good armory of Switzerland is Heraldica helvetica by François J. The following maps and pictures come from the Switzerland page of Interconnect Internet Provider Switzerland. Aargau Appenzell (Inn
François Velde: A Photo Album Hiking in the Crazy Mountains (Montana) In College (note the cool outfits): with Élie Ayache, Luxembourg Gardens, Paris, and the same The Women in My Life Mélusine b
A Teenager Marius Avitus Bassianus (204-222 AD), a.k.a. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (218-222), a.k.a. Return to the Personal Album. Last modified: May 5, 1999 François R.
The House Law of 1890 (amended 1907) defines the Imperial Family to be the Emperor, Grand Empress Dowager, the Empress Dowager, the Empress, the Kotaishi (= Heir-Apparent) and consort, the Kotaison (=
Whereas His Majesty by His Royal Message of the tenth day of December in this present year has been pleased to declare that He is irrevocably determined to renounce the Throne for Himself and His desc
The oriflamme was a sacred banner used by the kings of France in the Middle Ages in times of great danger. What was its origin? Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last m
François Velde: Personal Page About Myself: a short biography A Photo Album my course at the University of Chicago perhaps my favorite poem Other Links Return to the Main Page. Last modified: Apr
To all these alleged Orders of Knighthood and similar ones, with the adjoining more or less international Gol, Silver and Blue Cross Associations, those Orders must certainly be added which, together
BIBLIOGRAPHY [As most readers' browsers will lack the capability of reproducing Polish accents and Cyrillic fonts, these have been omitted at this time.] The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of L
On May 20, 1493 the Spanish monarchs granted Cristobal Colon a coat of arms, described as follows: Roughly: 1) Gules a castle or; 2) Argent a lion gules crowned or; 3) Azure several islands or; 4) Azu
The schwarz-weiß-rot flag (black-white-red) was adopted by the North-German Union in 1867, as a combination of the black-white of Prussia and the red-white of the Hanseatic League. In 1919 the black-r
Note: many arms can be found for towns in Piacenza (I have not downloaded them yet). Abbiategrasso Aquila (province) Assisi Bassano del Grappa Bolsena Brindisi Cadore Caserta Castellina in Chi
Subject: Re: The French Legitimist Claim From: stairsainty@msn.com (guy stair sainty) Date: 4 Sep 1996 08:09:34 -0700 Guy Stair Sainty The ideal of Monarchy as a focus for national identity, as the im
Subject: Reply to Francois Velde - legitimism v. orleanism From: stairsainty@msn.com (guy stair sainty) Date: 12 Sep 1996 14:22:34 -0700 I had hoped that François rather than begin by trying to demoli
Subject: Legitimist v. My preference for establishing and identifying the laws by which a sovereign succeeds and then determining the claimant is predicated on the principle that a royal succession ne
Warning: some of the heraldic prescriptions described here are out of date. In Italy, the hat completely replaced the mitre but in France, bishops often added on top of the shield (and below the hat)
International Commission on Orders of Chivalry (1996) Membership of the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry (Commission Internationale Permanente d'Études des Ordres de Chevalerie) as of Ja
Under construction. See a page on Swedish Heraldry by Elias Granqvist. See the Swedish Royal Court. See a very nice Page on Swedish grants of arms to the Gyllenhaal family. Return to National Heraldry
African Countries South Africa Information on the Flag and Coat of Arms of Zambia and a picture Armorial Bearings in the former Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Gl
Sources: Hans Burgkmayr (1473-1531), a prominent engraver from Augsburg, who made a suite of Nine Worthies engravings in 1516 (HB). Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldic Glossary François V
The House of Savoia was the royal family of Italy from March 17, 1861, when Vittorio Emanuele II, king of Sardinia, was proclaimed "by the grace of God king of Italy", to June 13 1946, when Umberto II
The first shields seen on seals follow military fashions of the day, because they are still close to their actual battlefield counterparts. Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldic Glossary Fr
Ecclesiastical Heraldry Catholic Church Anglican Heraldry Episcopal Heraldry Other Resources See some heraldic stained-glass windows from Minnesota, presented by Richard Oliver, OSB. Return to the Mai
Medieval heraldry did not limit itself to the heraldry of existing individuals, families and entities. And, of course, Dürer made a beautiful engraving of Death's coat of arms, shown in Neubecker next
This page is an introduction to Heraldica and explains what you can find on this Web site. Heraldica means "things heraldic" (literally) or "heraldry" in Latin. This site tries to present a lot of fac
These statistics are compiled using MKStats 2.3: May 1999 April 1999 March 1999 February 1999 January 1999 December 1998 November 1998 October 1998 September 1998 August 1998 July 1998 June 1998 May
This illustrated glossary can be used two ways: English | Français | Deutsch | Español | Italiano | Nederlands If you are using this Glossary for the first time, please read the instructions first.
This translator/atlas is based on the Vocabulaire-Atlas Héraldique published in Paris in 1952 by baron Stalins under the auspices of the International Heraldry Academy, which contains a list of about
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FOR ALT.TALK.ROYALTY
-- ROYAL & NOBLE FAMILIES OF THE WORLD --
SUMMARY:
This regular posting contains a list of Frequently Asked Questions
(FAQs) and their an
FAQ: British royalty and nobility
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FOR ALT.TALK.ROYALTY
-- BRITISH ROYAL & NOBLE FAMILIES --
SUMMARY:
This regular posting contains a list of Frequently Asked Q
ALT.TALK.ROYALTY LEXICON Summary: Welcome to the alt.talk.royalty FAQ lexicon. The words in the following list are included here as a guide to their counterparts in various languages. To attempt to
ROYAL LANDMARKS FOR ALT.TALK.ROYALTY SUMMARY: This list of royal landmarks (places of interest) was originally prepared in the summer of 1996. I posted the list to alt.talk.royalty in the spring of
Outline. Introduction. 2. The German "Ritter", when part of a last name, indicates the German equivalent of a baronetcy. When one picks through lesser German titles, such things as "Waldgraf", Rheingr
STYLES OF SOVEREIGNS and STYLES OF CHILDREN OF SOVEREIGNS Summary: This alt.talk.royalty mini-FAQ on styles is an attempt at providing examples of the many styles used today and in the past by the m
The International Glossary comes with a set of plates, a total of about 520 illustrations for all the terms contained in the Glossary. You can browse through these plates; then, by clicking on the pic
For the benefit of repeat visitors, here is a list of recent additions or improvements, in reverse chronological order: Return to Heraldica Main Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified:
Heraldry in the Netherlands Other Resources Nederlandse Gemeentewapens (Dutch Civic Arms), a site set up by Ralf Hartemink, specializes in the arms of Dutch cities and provinces. Return to National He
There is another mark of disgrace which is due only to the traitor: it consists in debasing or reversing the entire coat." I do not know for sure, of course, but my guess is that the concept of abatem
Subsequently Charlotte, was adopted by Louis in Paris, at the Monegasque embassy, on May 16, 1919, in the presence of the French president and foreign affairs minister, Albert, Louis, the president of
This page describes a few modern orders of knighthood, which are either recreations of specific medieval orders, or imitations of medieval or monarchical orders without specific reference to any one.
Those are coats of arms whose blazon, or verbal description in the language of heraldry, recalls the name (or, less often, some attribute or function) of the holder of the arms. Pursuant to the edict
New! As a matter of fact there are several avaible Italian books on heraldry: The most respected publisher of heraldic books is: Arnaldo Forni Editore, Sala Bolognese (Bologna), Via Gramsci, 164, 4001
I think the main reason "Jews didn't usually have a heraldic device of their own" is that very few of them were of noble families. From: mittle@watson.ibm.com(Arval Benicoeur) Stephen, I know your lea
Under construction. In the case of royal families, arms are also arms of dominion, and it is therefore important to distinguish junior members of the family. Return to British Heraldry Page | Heraldic
This page is mainly interested in the heraldic aspects of the Order. See also a heraldic tour of Rhodes and a heraldic tour of the 15th century Castle of Saint Peter in Bodrum, Turkey. Return to Knigh
See also a discussion of the heraldic practices of the Order. The following armory is based on a set of late 19th-century plates reproduced (without citation) in Bascapè and Del Piazzo (pp.287ff). Las
Frénéa is currently creating a heraldic atlas of France called HERATLAS, with illustrated armories of French cities and maps. For more on civic heraldry, see Ralf Hartemink's excellent site. François
Follow the links to find out the coats of arms for cities in each département. Alsace: Bas-Rhin Haut-Rhin Aquitaine: Dordogne Gironde Landes Lot-et-Garonne Pyrénées-Atlantique Auvergne: Allier
(Note: What follows is the standard theory presented in most modern books treating French titles. A few sees had titles attached to them. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Ve
These notes describe the French peerage (pairie) from its origins to the 19th century. For illustrations of the arms of French peers see Arnauds Bunel's page on duchies and peerages. With the 16th c.,
This list comes from the Colección Legislativa, 1815-1920. I have looked through the indices, so I cannot guarantee that I have not missed some decrees. In particular, there ought to be a decree con
Leslie A. 31 August 1999 This bibliography discusses various sources of information on Scots heraldry. MacDonald, William Rae, Scottish Armorial Seals, (William Green & Sons, Edinburgh, 1904) Note: St
The small town of Bouillon is in Belgium, province of Luxembourg; its population was 5,577 in 1994. Some documents are presented in the original French in an appendix. François Velde Last modified: Ju
All this business of heraldry as the art and knowledge of coats of arms is fine, but why is it called heraldry, and what does it have to do with heralds? See Anthony Wagner: Heralds and Heraldry in th
Three different shapes of the fer de moline The fer de moline, or millrind, is a common charge in European heraldry. The Italian term ferro di muro hints at another interpretation of the charge, namel
Initially, the difference was attributed to the son, and he would keep it even if his titles changed, as when Philippe switched from Touraine to Bourgogne in 1363 (which he inherited and quartered wit
This first paragraph needs reworking. An apanage is a portion of the demesne of the Crown which is given by the sovereign to a younger son. Other titles worth noting: Customs and Titles of the French
There are two books on the subject: Rothery, Guy Cadogan: The heraldry of Shakespeare : a commentary with annotations. Return to The List of Heraldry Topics | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last mo
See the general remarks on the Restoration peerage. Under Construction. The family name is followed by the dates of nomination, the title (B=baron, V=vicomte, C=comte, M=marquis, D=duc, P=prince) and
Every US State has a seal. Puerto Rico has a proper coat of arms granted by Ferdinand on Nov 8, 1512. See also the Flags of the World Page on US flags. This clickable map is courtesy of the Virtual To
A war-cry (French: cri d'armes, cri de guerre, cri) is what its name suggests, something that one (or one's followers) shouted as one threw oneself into the fray. François Velde Last modified: Mar 19,
The insignia is the staff (the real staff was standardized in 1758 to a length of 21 inches and a diameter of 1 3/8'') covered in blue velvet and studded with golden fleurs-de-lys. The ends are cover
Under construction. This listing of descendants of Hughes Capet tries to be complete, although I have left a few branches incomplete for the the time being (the first house of Bourgogne and the Portug
Louis-Philippe Ier, king of the French (1830-48) had many sons. Article 4 is the one that seems to have caused confusion. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modifie
See also: Napoleon Ier, in coronation robes. [Skip Prev] [Prev] [Next] [Skip Next] [Random] [Next 5] [List Sites] Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Jun
(Double) tressure on the left, orle on the right There is some confusion among British writers as to the nature of a tressure. The similarities between these last four coats, and their geographical pr
View of Rhodes from the east jetty of the old port. In the foreground, the place where the Naillac tower stood. In the center background, the palace of the Grand Masters. The Marine Gate (behind
See also the page on Orders of Chivalry. Visit the Musée National de la Légion d'Honneur (in French and English). Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Jun 0
Voici l'A.R. du 2/2/1910 : "Albert, etc, Revu l'arrêté du 16/12/1840, par lequel SM Léopold Ier décide que le titre de duc de Brabant sera à l'avenir toujours porté par le prince fils aîné du Roi et
This article is by Klaus Ole Kristiansen with additions by Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard. See also a note on the national and royal arms by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Last modified: Mar 01, 1
This rather strange charge, uniquely English, is of unknown origin and uncertain name. Here are some quotations from various authors: Last modified: Apr 28, 1997 Return to the Main Heraldry Page. Fra
Under construction. I am not, have never been, and have no desire to be a member of any order of knighthood or chivalry or any nobiliary association, nor am I involved or associated with any. François
The Salic Law (Lex Salica) is a code of law written around the time of Clovis (476-96) for the Salian Franks, in Latin mixed with Germanic words. It is only later that Edward III pressed his claim to
The text of the Law on the Arms and the Flag of Mexico is available in Spanish, with this illustration of the arms. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: O
Most of the information comes from Bolton's Armory. The National Archives has a list of the signers with links to complete biographies and portraits of each signer. Return to Armory of Famous People
Usually, coats of arms used by manufacturers allude to their place of origin or the place where the company began. Cadillac uses as its emblem the arms of Antoine de La Mothe, seigneur de Cadillac, bo
Arms of Simone d'Amerigho Zati: Per pale or and sable, four chains in saltire linked by an annulet, all counterchanged (Santa Croce, Florence). The Pitti arms (barry nebuly argent and sable, a crossle
Arms of the Santini family (azure two lozenges and a rose in chief or), from Lucca. Arms of the Torregiani family (Azure a tower between three stars of six points, one in chief); the Santini heiress m
Arms in Sant'Ignazio, Rome. Arms of Innocent X (1644-55) on the Porta Portese. A tomb in Santa Maria in Trastevere. Arms of Alexander VII (1655-67) on the Colonnade of Bernini, Saint Peter. Arms of Gr
Royal arms of the Two Sicilies, above the proscenium of the San Carlo Theater; recently rediscovered under a coat of paint. Arms of Carlo Gesualdo, prince of Venosa, from his tomb in the Chiesa del Ge
The title of vidame is an odd feudal relic, of which a half-dozen examples survived to the end of the French Old Regime. In Carolingian times, before the feudal era, important clerics such as bishops
Las abdicaciones y renuncias y cualquier duda de hecho o de derecho que ocurra en el orden de sucesión a la Corona se resolverán por una ley orgánica. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Gloss
The Channel Islands (Called in French the Anglo-Norman Islands) are a group of islands off the coast of Normandy. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Oct
The two most important sources on Arthurian heraldry are: Brault, G.J.: Early Blazon. Le Léopard d'Or 5, rue Decouédic 75014 Paris France Return to the Main Heraldry Page Last modified: March 7, 1996
Previous to 1917 letters patent of Queen Victoria of 30.1.1864 allowed for the grandsons of the sovereign in the male and female line to be styled HRH, although it was more usual for them to bear the
The following plates come from the Encyclopédie published in France by Denis Diderot and his co-authors in the 1750s. There are minor inaccuracies in the depiction: see the page on Denmark. Last modif
Marshalling of arms is not subject to the same rigid rules as in British heraldry. As in England, "clauses of name and arms" were fairly common. Return to French Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary Fran
See also the Order of Saint Lazarus' own version of events. Personal note: I did not become aware of this revival's existence until May 1995, when some members propounded its legitimacy on the newsgro
Virtual Finland has pages on the flag of Finland, as well as the national and provincial coats of arms. See also a nice page with the history of the flag and pictures of the flag, ensign, coat of arms
This page contains documents and analysis pertaining to the judicial powers of Lord lyon in Scotland, in particular relating to nobility, chiefships of clans, and precedence. Case decided in the Court
The color of the lions on Geoffroy's shield is rather dark now, because they were made with an émail brun (dark brown enamel made from baked linseed oil) and the lines depicting the hair of the lions
The regulation of English heraldry between 1530 and 1688 has led many writers to project back into the Middle Ages concepts and beliefs of later times. Many writers believe that English heraldry is ju
Heraldry in New Zealand Coat of arms of New Zealand. See also Academic Heraldry in New Zealand. Return to National Heraldry Page | Heraldic Glossary François Velde Last modified: Oct 15, 1997
An impresa (plural imprese) is a variant of the badge which became particularly popular in the 15th and 16th centuries. Pastoureau (in his Traité d'Héraldique, 2 ed., pp. 218-9) places badges in paral
Morganatic marriages are marriages in a royal or sovereign family which somehow contravene the dynastic rules, either because they were not authorized, or more often because of a perceived mésalliance
To identify or track down books, it is extremely useful to consult on-line library catalogues. For grants of arms and all confirmation of titles from 1808 to 1908, the best source is : Révérend, Albe
Heraldica Search This search will allow you to search the contents of all the publicly available WWW documents on Heraldica. Match: All Any Format: Long Short Sort by: Score Time Title Reverse Sc
In addition, many of the publications of medieval rolls of arms will include an ordinary at the end, but these will be difficult to use, since they are dispersed in many publications and only concern